Egypt Weather:

Egypt lies within the North African Dry Belt, so Egypt weather has very little rainfall, as well as considerable seasonal temperature variation. Only the northern coastal strip and the Nile delta are influenced by the Mediterranean with winter precipitation between 100 and 200 mm; south of Cairo, on the other hand, it rarely rains. The mean daily maximum temperatures in January are between 20 °C (Port Said, Cairo) and 24 °C (Aswan), although it can cool down considerably at night. In July, daily temperatures reach 31°C (Port Said), 35°C (Cairo) and 41°C (Aswan). The heat is easy to bear because of the low relative humidity of around 30% (in summer). The hot Chamsin, a sand and dust wind coming from the south, blows from March to June. On the Red Sea coast, the climate is a little more temperate with less hot summers (around 35 °C) and mild winters (even at night rarely below 10 °C).

Thanks to the size of the country, five more detailed climate areas can be described:

The approximately 700 km long Mediterranean coast and the Nile delta are characterized by mild winters and very warm summers. In winter, average daytime temperatures range from 17-20°C, while they drop to around 8-11°C at night. In addition, there is significant rainfall by Egyptian standards with up to 200 mm – this corresponds to around 30 annual rainy days in the region around Alexandria, almost all of them in winter. Spring is warm and dry, as is autumn, with the highest temperatures recorded in spring rather than midsummer (42-45°C). In summer it gets very warm with daytime values of 28 to 32 °C and 19 to 24 °C at night. There are therefore small temperature fluctuations between day and night and there is no more precipitation. Humidity is relatively high (60-75%) year-round, often making the air feel hotter than it is. The sea invites you to swim in summer with values of up to 28 °C, in winter it cools down to 16-18 °C.

The Lower Nile Valley

The Lower Nile Valley, which can be roughly classified as stretching from Cairo to Asyut, also has mild winters, but summers are hotter than in the Nile Delta and on the Mediterranean coast, and there is little rainfall (5–30 mm) year-round. Humidity is also noticeably lower at 40-60%. On winter days, the mercury column usually climbs to 18-22 °C, falling to colder values than on the coast (4-9 °C) at night. Egypt weather has in the lower Nile valley has large temperature differences between day and night, even morning frost is possible. Spring and autumn are shorter and warmer than on the coast, summers are longer and hotter with temperatures ranging from 34 to 37°C during the day and 20 to 22°C at night. The peak values are up to 48 °C.

The upper Nile valley shares the climatic characteristics with the desert areas and oases to the east and especially to the west. Winters are also mild (19-22°C) with cool nights (5-10°C). Spring and autumn are very short and warm, the summers are long (late April to late October), hot and bone-dry. The average daily values reach 38-42 °C, the night values 22-26 °C. The humidity is rather low all year round (15-50%), accompanied by almost no precipitation. In cities like Aswan, Luxor or Dakhla, there are usually 0-2 rainy days a year. Heat waves can cause temperatures in excess of 50°C.

The coastal areas on the Red Sea have mild to warm winters with very moderate temperatures: hardly below 20 °C during the day and 10-13 °C at night. Spring and autumn are fairly warm, summers are very warm to hot and extremely dry. 34–38 °C can be expected during the day, with occasional heat waves of over 40 °C, and at night the values usually do not drop below 25 °C. Humidity is 30–55% all year round, and there is practically no precipitation (0–3 days). The sea invites you to swim all year round at around 20-29 °C.

Sinai Mountains

From a climatic point of view, the Sinai Mountains are a special feature of Egypt weather: Due to its higher elevations, the winters here are very cool (12–15 °C during the day, 0–5 °C at night). Accordingly, spring and autumn are a little longer, but the summers are still very warm with mostly 32 °C during the day. At night, however, the values drop to a cooler 15-18 °C. Otherwise (precipitation, humidity) the picture is the same as elsewhere: 1-3 rainy days a year and 20-40% humidity.

Read more here on Wikipedia.